Native Americans of Ohio Stereotypes/Contributions

Overview

This web quest was created in conjunction with a group of teachers in Northeast Ohio for PBS 45 & 49. This activity is the final piece of a five-part instructional video set titled "One State, Many Nations".

This web quest will focus on stereotypes and impact of the Native American people in our world today. It begins by examining what racism and stereotypes are. Once a basis of understanding is established, research will focus on three primary areas: stereotypical symbols, stereotypical beliefs (about dress, language, and behavior), and past and present Native American influence.

Being created by teachers, we know flexibility is important. This web quest was designed with flexibility in mine. Please feel free to use it as a whole class instructional tool, small group activity, or a culminating class activity. To present this information, students can work to gather information about the topics and will have choice in delivery methods (PowerPoint, Video, Report, Collage, Poster, Tri-fold Presentation, etc.).

Video Synopsis:

Native Americans Today
Where ever you look in Ohio, you still find the influence of Native Americans. Native American influences have become part of the modern fabric of Ohio. Look at the names of cities, counties, parks and rivers. Look at our sports teams. Native Americans Today also looks at stereotypes of Native Americans that exist today.

Introduction:

It is human nature to be curious. Have you ever thought about any of the following questions:

• Have you ever wondered what your name means?

• Have you ever thought about how your city, town, or state got its name?

• Why do some people find the Cleveland Indians' logo offensive?

• Where Native Americans really like what we see on television?

• Did Native Americans really dress the way they do in movies?

• Are there still Native Americans in Ohio today?

• What do Native Americans do today?

You may already know the answer to some of these questions. If you do not, they are great questions to ask yourself if you would like to learn more about how Native Americans are stereotyped and how they have impacted our lives today.

With this web quest, you will have the opportunity to come up with your own answers to the questions above by gathering information from the web. Your search will be divided into three parts:

Part 1: Native American Stereotypes

Part 2: Native American Impact

Part 3: Native Americans Today

Driving Questions

These questions should be thought of as your "DRIVING QUESTIONS". You may ask yourself, "Self, why would I call questions 'Driving Questions'?" The reason is simple. One of the most important skills in driving is steering, and if you always look back to these driving questions when you are gathering facts, they should help to steer you in the direction of good facts!

Your guiding questions for each section of this project are:

Part 1: Native American Stereotypes

• What is a stereotype?

• How have Native Americans been stereotyped?

• Where do you see Native American stereotypes?

• How can we work to correct these stereotypes?

Part 2: Native American Impact

• What does it mean to have an 'impact'?

• Who were some famous Native Americans?

• What did Native Americans contribute to the field of medicine?

• What counties, cities, or parks, in Ohio have Native American ties (names, stories, etc.)?

Part 3: Native Americans Today

• Are there Native Americans alive today?

• Who are successful Native Americans of today?

• Who are the leaders of Native Americans in Ohio today? (chief, resources)

Tasks

Before doing any research, it is usually helpful to see what knowledge you may already have about the subject. Try taking the "Teacher's Native American Stereotype Online Quiz" to see how much you really know about the Native American Culture.

Task 1: Native American Stereotypes

1. Before Beginning this task, get the Making A Poster: Native American Stereotypes rubric to use as a checklist for your evaluation.

2. Define a stereotype in your own words.

3. List as many items as you can that have pictures of Native Americans used on them. A good place to look for items is at your local grocery store. If you visit your grocery store, take pictures of the items you find, draw them, or purchase them and bring them to class.

4. Create a list of sport teams (school, college, or professional) that use Native Americans as their mascot. Print out pictures of as many of these mascots as you can find (If you cannot think of any mascots use the links below to help you).
   http://216.239.41.104/search?q=cache:Wdt8ndd13ToJ:www.evergreen.edu
   http://www.authentichistory.com/diversity/native/images/diversity_native_images01.html
   http://www.smargon.net/nicknames/
   http://mlb.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/mlb/kids/mlb_kids_mascots.jsp

5. Brainstorm a list of movies that have Native American characters, or symbols of Native Americans such as houses, food, or clothing. Search for images of these characters or symbols and print them out.

6. Create a collage of all the pictures you have gathered.

7. Visit the links below and research the different types of clothing Native Americans actually wore.
   http://www.nativetech.org/clothing/regions/regions.html
   http://www.nativetech.org/clothing/

8. Visit the links below and research the different types of homes Native Americans actually lived in.
   http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/life/dwelling.shtml

9. Visit the links below and research Native American's actual appearance/ways of life.
   http://www.museum.state.il.us/muslink/nat_amer/post/htmls/id_app.html
   http://www.stolaf.edu/people/kruger/fandm.html

10. Now that you have done some research, print out pictures to create a collage that you think accurately shows Native American appearance/life.

Task 2: Native American Impact

Medicine

1. Before Beginning this task, get the Making A Poster: Native American Impact on Medicine rubric to use as a checklist for your evaluation.

2. Define impact in your own words.

3. Use the links below to find the common treatments for three of these conditions: Asthma, Backache, Bronchitis, Burns, Cold, Colic, Cough, Diabetes, Diarrhea, Fever, Insect Bites
   
   http://my.webmd.com/medical_information/condition_centers/default.htm

4. You learned in the quiz that disease was the number one killer of Native Americans. Use the links below to learn how they treated the same conditions you researched above.
   http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/1,1525,721,00.html
   http://www.gbso.net/Skyhawk/herbal.htm
   http://pages.ivillage.com/judynolan/id28.html
   http://www.shadowwolf.org/native_american_herbal_remedies.html

5. Now that you have an understanding of the methods Native Americans used to treat some of these conditions, brainstorm a list of conditions you would be interested in finding treatment for.

6. Use the following sites to research how Native Americans remedied these conditions.
   http://www.wholehealthmd.com/refshelf/substances_view/1,1525,721,00.html
   http://www.gbso.net/Skyhawk/herbal.htm
   http://pages.ivillage.com/judynolan/id28.html
   http://www.shadowwolf.org/native_american_herbal_remedies.html

7. Use google image search to find pictures of the plants used in the remedies and create a poster of Native American medicines and remedies.

8. Answer the following Journal Question and attach it to your poster: "Explain how Native American's methods of treating health conditions have impacted the field of medicine."

Names (County, City, Parks)

1. Before Beginning this task, get the Making A Map: Native American Impact on Names (Counties, Cities, Parks) rubric to use as a checklist for your evaluation.

2. Many counties, cities, and parks in Ohio have been named after, or have ties to the Native American Language. View the maps of Ohio's Counties, Cities, and Parks, below. Try to find as many names that you think are from the Native American Language.
   County Map
   Park Map
   City Listing

3. Now that you have generated a list of names you think have come from the Native American language, use a google search to see if each of your words have ties to the Native American language.

4. The project for this task will be a four-layer map. First print four copies of the blank County Map and copy them each to a transparency.

5. Label one map "Counties", one map "Parks", and one map "Cities".

6. Label the "Counties" map with the counties you found that have Native American names, the "Parks" map with the parks with Native American names, and the "Cities" map with the cities you found that have Native American Names.

7. When you are finished, place the maps on top of each other, starting with the blank map and watch the impact of Native Americans on our state emerge before your eyes!

Famous Native Americans

1. Before Beginning this task, get the Research Report: Famous Native Americans rubric to use as a checklist for your evaluation. The rubric has been created for a report, but can easliy be adapted to meet the needs of a PowerPoint or poster.

2. There have been many Native Americans that played a major role in the history of our state. This task will give you the opportunity to research some of these people, and share your findings!

3. Research important facts about each Native American listed below by visiting the links next to each name. Once you have gathered facts, you can create a PowerPoint slide, poster, or report on each of the famous Native Americans.

4. Be sure to include the following facts in your project :
   What tribe did they belong to?
   What made them a notable Native American?
   What impact did they have on Ohio's history?
   A picture of your famous Native American.
   A regional map Ohio showing where your Native American's tribe lived.

5. Below is a list of important Native Americans in Ohio's past. This list is by no means a list of all the important Native Americans, but it is a list of those who did play a major role in their tribe and Ohio's history. Click on the links next to each name to begin your research.
   

   Tecumseh	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/tecumseh.shtml http://www.ohiobio.org/tecumseh.htm
   Blue Jacket	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/bluejack.shtml http://ohiobio.org/bluejacket.htm
   Tarhe	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/tarhe.shtml
   Logan	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/logan.shtml http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/logan-t.shtml
   Little Turtle	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/lturtle.shtml
   Pontiac	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/pontiac.shtml http://www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/page/p/pontiac.shtml
   Cornstalk	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/cornstal.shtml http://www.prairieghosts.com/cornstalk.html
   The Prophet	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/prophet.shtml http://ohiobio.org/prophet.htm
   White Eyes	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/whiteyes.shtml
   Black Hoof	http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/ohc/history/h_indian/people/blackhf.shtml

Task 3: Native Americans Today

1. Before Beginning this task, get the Research Report: Current Famous Native Americans rubric to use as a checklist for your evaluation. The rubric has been created for a report, but can easliy be adapted to meet the needs of a PowerPoint or poster.

2. Besides the many Native Americans that played a major role in the history of our state, there are many successful Native Americans in America today. This task will give you the opportunity to research some of these people, and share your findings!

3. Research important facts about each Native American listed below by visiting the links next to each name. Once you have gathered facts, you can create a PowerPoint slide, poster, or report on each of the famous Native Americans.

4. Be sure to include the following facts in your project :
   What tribe do they belong to?
   What makes them a notable Native American?
   What impact did they have in the world today?

5. Below is a list of some important Native Americans. This list is by no means a list of all the successful Native Americans alive today. Creating a such a list would be equivalent to creating a list of all the successful Europeans, Asians, or African-Americans.

Selma Lois Walker	http://www.odjfs.state.oh.us/women/Halloffame/bio.asp?ID=310
Lanna V. Samaniego	http://www.odjfs.state.oh.us/women/Halloffame/bio.asp?ID=266
Joseph Bruchac	http://josephbruchac.com/index.html
Paula Allen Gunn	http://www.hanksville.org/storytellers/
Anna Lee Walters	http://www.hanksville.org/storytellers/
Simon Ortiz	http://www.uta.edu/english/tim/poetry/so/ortizmain.htm
Cheri Becerra	http://www.nascsports.org/index.php?page=athletes&sub=becerra&back=hopefuls
Notah Begay	http://notahbegay.tripod.com/stats.htm
Jim Thorpe	http://www.alphacdc.com/necona/jimthorp.html

Current Leaders

Tribe	Contact Information	Suggested Questions
Delaware	http://www.delawaretribeofindians.nsn.us E-mail:	What is the Delaware Grande Council? When is your pow wow? What is a pow wow?
Shawnee	http://shawnee-tribe.org E-mail:	Are there any Shawnee left in Ohio today? When is your pow wow? What is a pow wow?
Ottawa	http://www.eighttribes.org E-mail:	What does your name mean? How did you get your name? When is your pow wow? What is a pow wow?
Miami	http://miamination.com E-mail:	Why are there two different groups of Miami? When is your pow wow? What is a pow wow?
Mingo	http://www.eighttribes.org E-Mail: * It is important to know that there are no Mingo people left.	Do you know what happened to the Mingo? When is your pow wow? What is a pow wow?
Wyandot	http://www.eighttribes.org/wyandotte/ E-mail:	Can you tell me about the Wendat Confederacy? When is your pow wow? What is a pow wow?

Evaluation

The rubrics created for each of the tasks are available for download within the directions of each individual task, but can be downloaded from the table below as well. The rubrics are a basis for evaluation, but can be altered to meet the individual needs of students and teachers.

Task 1

Rubric for Making A Poster: Native American Stereotypes

Task 2

Rubric for Making A Poster: Native American Impact on Medicine

Rubric for Making A Map: Native American Impact on Names (Counties, Cities, Parks)

Rubric for Research Report: Famous Native Americans

Task 3

Rubric for Research Report: Current Famous Native Americans

Rubric for Letter-Writing: A Letter to Current Native American Leaders

Conclusion

We hope you have gained a better understanding of the Native American people of Ohio. There are many stereotypes we are exposed to each day through advertisements, television, language, and sport mascots. By completing this web quest, you are now a more informed citizen, and will be able to acknowledge Native Americans, as well as other cultures, with the respect they deserve.

Sharing information is very important. Whether you chose to complete one of the tasks on this web quest, or you completed them all, it is important that you share the information with others. Some ideas for sharing: